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Most property policies contain a built-in mechanism for resolving disputes about what a covered loss is worth — no lawsuit required. Here's how it actually works, step by step.
Start an Assignment Appraiser ServicesThe carrier and the policyholder agree the loss is covered but disagree about what it's worth — the repair scope, the method, the quantities, or the price. Appraisal addresses amount, not coverage.
Either side demands appraisal under the policy's appraisal provision, usually in writing. Once properly invoked, the process is typically binding on both parties as to amount of loss.
Each party selects a competent and impartial appraiser. The appraiser's duty runs to the supported number — the damages and proper repairs the evidence shows — not to the party that appointed them.
Both appraisers inspect the property, review the estimates and documentation, and attempt to agree on the amount of loss item by item. Many appraisals resolve right here.
The two appraisers jointly select a neutral umpire; if they can't agree on one, a court can appoint. The umpire independently evaluates the disputed items — not as an advocate for either side.
Agreement by any two panel members — the two appraisers, or one appraiser plus the umpire — produces a signed appraisal award stating the amount of loss.
The award determines what the loss is worth — RCV and ACV as applicable. It does not decide coverage, exclusions, or fault; those remain policy and legal questions outside the panel's lane.
Under the standard provision, each party pays its own appraiser, and the parties split the umpire's fee and other appraisal expenses equally — typically 50/50 — unless the policy or an agreement provides otherwise. Check your specific policy language; provisions vary by form and state.
RiskAxis Solutions is not a public adjusting firm and does not sell insurance. Appraisal and umpire assignments address amount of loss under the applicable policy process. RiskAxis does not provide legal advice, interpret insurance coverage, or render coverage opinions. Coverage and legal questions belong with qualified coverage counsel, the insurer, or the appropriate licensed insurance professional. This page is general education, not legal advice — policy language and state law control.
Whether you need an appraiser appointed, an umpire proposed, or a second set of eyes on the numbers, start here.
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